Maxim
›
Design
›
Technical Documents
›
Application Notes
›
HFTA-11.0: Spectral Content of NRZ Test Patterns
Automotive Linear Regulators Minimize Quiescent Current
Avalanche-Photodiode Detector Circuit Limits Current to 1mA and Improves Transient Response
Package Thermal Resistance Values (Theta JA, Theta JC) for Temperature Sensors and 1-Wire Devices
MAX3815: Increase the Reach of HDMI and DVI Cables with the MAX3815 TMDS Equalizer and MAX3816A DDC Extender
The Maxim USB Laboratory
Setting Up the Maxim USB Laboratory
DC-DC Controllers Use Average-Current-Mode Control for Infotainment Applications
MAX8632 PCB Layout Optimization
Why and How to Implement a Frequency Boost During a CCFL Lamp Strike on the DS3881/DS3882
Optimize the Buffer Amplifier/ADC Connection
±15V or ±12V Output Switch-Mode Power Supply Has Wide Input-Voltage Range
Path Loss in Remote Keyless Entry Systems
ATSC 8-VSB Blocker Measurement System
Daisy-Chaining SPI Devices
Simple, Latched Overcurrent Fault Detector Has Fast Response Time
A Measurement Technique for Determining RF Immunity
Power-Save Mode Reduces Power Consumption When Driving Relays
Designing a Low-Cost, Low-Component-Count GPS Receiver
Side-by-Side Comparison of Fiber-Monitoring and Control ICs
Characteristics of Manganese Lithium (ML) Batteries
Modifying the MAX2010 for Operation at 450MHz
Modifying the MAX2010 for Operation at 360MHz
Battery Fuel Gauges: Accurately Measuring Charge Level
Using an nMOS Transistor with the DS2714
Unlocking the Secrets of the MAXQ®
TD-SCDMA RD V2.1 Design Meets Rx-Blocking Mask and Sensitivity Requirements
Microcoaxial \"Pigtails\" for RF Measurements to and Beyond 5GHz
Enabling Test Modes on the MAX9247
Multiplexing JTAG Interface Pins on MAXQ Microcontrollers
Selecting a Serial Bus
How to Use the Bit-Error-Rate Tester (BERT) on the DS2652x STCs
Using a Digital Potentiometer to Implement an Automotive Lighting Dimmer Conserves Power and Increases Efficiency
Using a Digital Potentiometer for Push-and-Hold Control-Setting Adjustments
MAX1452/MAX1455 FAQs
Maxim's Active-Emissions-Limiting Circuitry Demystified
Embedded Security Going Forward
Class D Amplifiers: Fundamentals of Operation and Recent Developments
Getting Started with the DS2786K
Power Supplies for Next-Generation Automotive Lighting
HFTA-15.0 Thermistor Networks and Genetics
Designing Single-Switch, Resonant-Reset, Forward Converters
Inductor Choice Yields Performance Tradeoffs in DC-DC Converters
Current-Source DAC with PIN Diode Provides RF Attenuation and Thermal Compensation
Interpreting the Open-Circuit-Voltage (OCV) Fuel Gauge of the DS2786
Logging the Linear Digital Potentiometer
Calculating Temperature Coefficient (Tempco) and Initial Accuracy for Voltage References
Low-Power Op-Amp Reduces Cable Costs for pH Probe
Regulated Charge Pump Delivers 50mA
Op-Amp Inputs Provide Ultra Low-Leakage Clamps
Legacy T1/E1 8MHz Backplane Operation
DS2141, DS21Q41, DS21Q43 8-MHz System Clock Operation
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the ADSP-2181
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the AT&T T7270
DS2141A, DS2143 Three Channel Drop and Insert
DS2152, DS2154, DS2151, DS2153, DS21X5Y and DS2155 Three Channel Drop and Insert
DS2141A, DS2143, DS2151 and DS2153 Interfacing to the SGS-Thomson M3488
Interfacing to the Fractional T1 and E1
D4 Framing and Signaling
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the Hitachi HD64570
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the PEB20320
DS2141A, DS2143, DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the Mitel MT8980D
DS2141A, DS2142, DS2151, DS2153 Per-Channel Loopback
DS2141A, DS2143, DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the Siemens PEB2045
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the PMC-Sierra PM7345
DS2152, DS2154 Interfacing to the Siemens PXB4220
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the MC68MH360 QUICC32
DS2152, DS2154, DS21x5Y, and DS2155 Interfacing to the MC68360 (QUICC32)
DS21Q41, DS21Q43 Interfacing to the MC68MH360 QUICC32
DS2152, DS2154 Interfacing to the IGT ALL1 SAR (WAC-021-C)
DS2153, DS2154 Selectable 120 and 75Ω E1 Interface
DS2151, DS2152, DS2153, DS2154 T1/E1 Line Monitor
T1/E1 Network Interface Design
DS2151, DS2152, DS2153, DS2154 Dallas Single Chip Transceiver Crystal Selection Guide
DS2141A, DS2143, DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to a Nonmultiplexed Bus
DS2151, DS2153 Creating a T1/E1 Channel Service Unit
DS2141A Creating a DS/ESF Channel Service Unit
DS2151 Special Modes
DS2153 Special Modes
DS2172 Simplified Receiver Operation
DS2172 Pattern Synchronization
DS2172 BERT Interface to all Dallas Framers and Transceivers
Transparent Operation on T1, E1 Framers and Transceivers
DS2151 Implementation of ANSI T1.231-1993
DS2141A, DS2151 Alarm Set and Clear Criteria
DS2141A, DS2151 D4 Framing Applications
DS2153 Programming, ETS 300-011 Remote Alarm Generation
DS2151, DS2153 Device Identification
T1/E1 Framer Initialization and Programming
Battery Chargers Fulfill System Power Requirements and Charge Batteries
DS21352/552, DS2151, DS2152, DS2141A, DS21Q42 Programming SLC-96
Converting the DS2152/DS2154 Demo Kits
Converting the DS2151/DS2153 Demo Kits
DS2154L vs. DS2153Q
DS2152L vs. DS2151Q
T1/E1 and T3/E3 Transformer Selection Guide
General network interface design criteria for the DS2153 and DS2154
General network interface design criteria for the DS2151 and DS2152
DS2152, DS2154 Clock Map
DS21Q4x, DS215x, and DS21x5y Test Registers
DS21Q44 vs. DS21Q43A
DS21Q42 vs. DS21Q41B
Interfacing the DS21x5y to the TMS320C54x
DS21352/DS21552 versus DS2152 Single Chip Transceiver
DS21354/DS21554 vs. DS2154 Single Chip Transceivers
Replacing the TDK 78P7200/2241 with the DS3150 Line Interface Unit
Explanation of Maxim RS-485 Features
Using RCLK in a BITS/SSU Application
DS2155 vs. DS21x5y: Software and Hardware Considerations\r\n
Interfacing User Devices and the DST1E1DK SCT Design Kit
Simple, Low-Cost, 4-Port E1 Design Using DS21Q50
HFAN-04.3.0: Jitter Specifications Made Easy: A Heuristic Discussion of Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet Methods
DS3112 Clock Rates and Frequency Tolerances of the Transmit Clock
Conversion Between T1 and E1
Interfacing the DS2155 to the MPC8260
J1 Japanese Standards
T1/E1/J1 Dual Connector Interface
Using DS2148/DS21348 as Repeater
Hitless Protection Switching with 1+1 Redundancy
DS2155 Internal BERT Programming
DS31256 and T1/E1 Interface
NRZ Applications
DS31256 Gapped Clock Applications
E1 Operation of Dallas Semiconductor Framers and SCTs
HDLC Configuration of Framers and Transceivers
DS21Q59 vs. DS21Q50 Quad E1 Transceivers
Design Migration from DS21Q55 to DS21Q50 or DS21Q59
Pulse Template Measurement
T3/E3/STS-1 LIU Secondary Surge Protection Design
DS31256 Loopback Modes
Using MAXQ's Multiplier Module
Logic-Level Translation
LDO Improves White LED Current Matching
MAX3735A: MAX3735A Laser Driver Output Configurations, Part 4: Driving VCSELS
IrDA and RS-232: A Match Made in Silicon
PIC'ing the MAX3100: Adding USB to a PIC Microcontroller Using the MAX3100 UART
MAX2392 Meets TD-SCDMA UE Phase Noise Requirements
Preventing Parasitic Mode Oscillation in MAX2104 Circuits
MAX2388 Front-End IC for WCS Application at 2.3GHz RF and 220MHz IF
MAX2395 Output Matching to a SAW Filter for Optimum Cascaded Gain Flatness
LNA for WCDMA (UMTS) Features Gain Step
LNA for MMDS Band (2.65GHz) Features Gain Step
Calibration of Weight Sensors Using Dead Weights
Dynamic Performance Requirements for High-Performance ADCs and RF Components in Digital Receiver Applications
Powering up a DS2761
Powering up a DS2762
Standard and White LED Basics and Operation
Internal Test Registers for the DS31256
A Digitally Controllable Lowpass Filter Using a Digital Potentiometer\r\n
Ultra-High-Speed Flash Microcontroller Software SPI
Accurate Power Control of the MAX3740A Laser Driver
Performing ADC Conversions Using the MAX7651
Configuring Keil µVision IDE for the MAX7651 EV Kit
Downloading a Program to Flash Using the MAX7651 EV Kit Serial Downloader
The Mechanics of the DS1870 Look Up Table
Range/Resolution Considerations with External Resistors Using the DS1870
Alternate DS2740U Application Circuit with Reduced Current Measurement Offset Error\r\n
Modifying and Rebuilding Slush
Interfacing the DS3144 Framer with the DS3154 Line Interface Unit (LIU)
Selecting a T1/E1/J1 Single-Chip Transceiver
MAX3610: MAX3610 Synthesizer-Based Crystal Oscillator Enables Low Cost, High-Performance Clock Sources
Connecting the Agere Ultramapper Device Family to Maxim T3/E3 LIUs
Circuit Converts PWM to Amplified and Buffered Linear Signal
Source Resistance: The Efficiency Killer in DC-DC Converter Circuits
Defusing Battery Fuel Gauge Misconceptions—How Wireless Handsets \r\nand Other Products Can Benefit From Accurate Battery Monitoring
Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) Matching Techniques for Optimizing Noise Figures
Do Passive Components Degrade Audio Quality in Your Portable Device?
Automatic Fan Control Techniques: Trends in Cooling High-Speed Chips
Selecting Power Management for Cellular Handsets
Base-Station RF Power-Amplifier Biasing
Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) for High-Performance Communications
Powering High-Performance ASICs and Microprocessors
Extended-Range Temperature-Sensing ICs
Standby Current for RS-422 Repeater Is Less Than 3µA
Coherent Sampling Calculator (CSC)
Protecting Against Shorts Between a Battery and the PWM Wall Cube Charging Supply
MAX3983: Designing for 10Gbase-CX4 Transmitter Template Compliance with the MAX3983
Add Fault Protection to 4-20mA Loop Supply
Modified LDO Sinks PECL-Termination Current
Buck Regulator Generates Ultra-Low Output Voltage
Pulse-Width Modulator Operates at Various Levels of Frequency and Power
5V Auxiliary Power Supply Teams LDO and Charge Pump\t\t
Lowpass Filter Has Improved Step Response
Using Timers in the MAXQ Family of Microcontrollers
Elastic Store Operation
Protecting Against Momentary Power Loss Due to Battery-Bounce
Quick-Start: Driving 7-Segment Displays with the MAX6954
Quick-Start: Driving 14-Segment Displays with the MAX6954
Quick-Start: Driving 16-Segment Displays with the MAX6954
Benchmarking the MAXQ® Instruction-Set Architecture vs. RISC Competitors\r\n
Introduction to the MAXQ Architecture
Semiconductor Toggle Switch
Waking up a DS2761/DS2762
High-Level Integration Needed for Compact Digital-Camera Power
Power-On Reset and Related Supervisory Functions
Improving Gain Flatness without Sacrificing Dynamic Performance in High-IF ADCs
Selecting Temperature Sensors for System Measurement and Protection
MAX3905: Output Current Calculator for the MAX3905
HFAN-02.5.0: Single-Ended vs Differential Methods of Driving a Laser Diode
PHS Power Amplifier Delivers +22dBm at -62/-75dBc ACPR
White-LED Boost Converter vs. Charge Pump
3mm-Tall, Dual-Phase, Step-Down, DC-DC Converter Delivers 1.6V at 20A from 12V for Mobile Processor Cores
Injection Transformers for Closed-Loop DC-DC Converter Network Analysis
MAX2653 LNA with Gain-Step, Retuned for GPS Applications
1.9GHz DECT Power Amplifier Delivers +27dBm from 3.6V at 41% PAE
How to Add an Offset to the DS1859 \r\nTemperature Reading\r\n
Battery Monitoring in NV SRAM Modules
Why Drive White LEDs with Constant Current?
Using DS3902 in Low Cost Optical Modules
HFTA-08.0: Receivers and Transmitters in DWDM Systems
DS31256 Envoy - Example Code for Registers Dump
In-System Programming with 8051-Based Microcontrollers
Connecting the Agere Supermapper™ Device Family to Dallas T3 LIUs
Compact DWDM laser Temperature Control with the MAX8521
Using the Keil C Compiler with the DS89C430/450
DS75 2-Wire Communication SDA Hold Time Clarification
DS1624 2-Wire Communication SDA Hold Time Clarification
Exposed Pads: A Brief Introduction
One Button Turns Microprocessor On and Off
Digital Pots Achieve Voltage-to-Resistance Conversion
White-LED Driver Provides 64-Step Logarithmic Dimming
IC Drives Up to Four Single-Coil Latching Relays
Supervisor IC Indicates Fan Failure
HFAN-04.5.3: A Stressed Source for Testing 4Gbps 850nm FC Receivers
Using DS4510/DS4520/DS4550 to Select Backup Flash Memory
Crunching FFTs with Microsoft Excel
Increasing System Security by Using the DS5250 as a Secure Coprocessor
Interfacing a DS1390/DS1391 RTC with a Motorola DSP with SPI
Writing Parallel-Port 2-Wire Software in C
Adding Windows NT/2000/XP Support to the AN3315 Parallel-Port 2-Wire Software
Power-Backup Switch
Buck Regulator Forms High-Power Inverting -5V Supply
Simple circuit generates +3.3V at 1A from -5V
PWM Sets Output of LCD/LED Driver
Simple Circuit Doubles Input Frequency
Minimize Short-Circuit Current Pulse in Hot-Swap Controller
Build a Charge Pump with Ultra-Low Quiescent Current (Iq)
High-Side Current-Sense Amplifier Operates at High Voltage
Pass Transistor Enhances Regulator's Output Current
Using the Keil µVision Debugger with the DS52x0 Secure Microcontrollers
Using the MxTNI JTAG library and SVF file to program Xilinx PROM devices
MAX3656: Using the MAX3656 Laser Driver to Transmit Serial Digital Video with Pathological Patterns
DS31256 -- T3/E3 MUX/DS3112 Hardware Connections
Examples of DS31256 Applications
Using the SDCC compiler for the DS80C400
DS31256 Unchannelized T3/E3/HSSI/VDSL Port Configuration for Bridge Mode Applications
T1/E1 Loopback Operation for Maxim T1/E1/J1 Transceivers
T3/E3/STS-1 Low Cost Repeater
HFAN-04.5.4: 'Jitter Happens' when a Twisted Pair is Unbalanced
DirectDrive&reg; Technology Enables 2V<sub>RMS</sub> Audio Line Driver from a Single 3.3V Supply
MAX1917 Provides Pre-Bias Soft Start for Redundant Supply
DS2155 To DS21458 Migration
Clock (CLK) Jitter and Phase Noise Conversion
DS2155 and DS26502 Software Comparison
Using the MAX6650 and MAX6651 Fan Speed Regulators with 24V and 48V Fans
Using the Keil &micro;Vision Debugger with the DS89C4x0
New Ethernet Systems Distribute DC Power with Data
Creating a Ratiometric Current Excitation in Sensors Using the MAX1464 Signal Conditioner
Using the MAX4399 for Two SCART Connectors with Auxiliary Inputs/Outputs
Maxim Wafer-Level Package Assembly Guide
Getting Started with the IAR Compiler and the MAXQ2000 Evaluation Kit
Built-In Features Eliminate the Need for External Relays when Using the Maxim Driver-Comparator-Load (DCL) and Parametric Measurement Unit (PMU) Chip Sets
Effective IM2 Products Estimation for Two-Tone and W-CDMA Modulated Blockers in 3GPP Direct Conversion Receivers
HFAN-03.2.0: Improving Noise Rejection of a PIN-TIA ROSA
Programming in the MAXQ Environment
Accessing the Functions Provided in the MAXQ Utility ROM
An Example Application Using the MAXQ2000 Evaluation Kit
Signal Processing with the MAXQ Multiply-Accumulate Unit (MAC)
Detecting Primary Cells with the DS2711/12
Reduced Termination Loss by Active Synthesis of Output Impedance
How to Use the DS185xEVKIT to Evaluate the DS1856
Frequency Calculator for the DS1094L
Requirements of Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Systems
Driving Strain-Gauge Bridge Sensors with Signal-Conditioning ICs
Clarification of DS1804 Ordering Information and Package Marking
Matching Maxim&#x27;s 300MHz to 450MHz Transmitters to Small Loop Antennas
DS2780 Board Layout to Minimize Current Measurement Offset Error
DS1856 Internal Calibration and Right Shifting (Scalable Dynamic Ranging)
Configuration of CLAD for DS318x
Guidelines for Laying Out T3 and E3 Network Interfaces
DS33Z11 - Ethernet LAN To Unframed T1/E1 WAN Bridge
Using a Keypad and LCD Display with the MAXQ2000
Understanding the Effects of Clock Tolerances on 50/60Hz Noise Rejection in High Performance Sigma Delta ADCs
HFTA-10.0: Physical Layer Performance: Testing the Bit Error Ratio (BER)
Interfacing 8051-based Microcontrollers to an SCI Port
DS26502 Hardware Mode
RS-232-Powered Temperature Sensor
Converter Boosts One-Cell Battery Voltage to 50V
Interfacing the DS1859 Digitally Controlled Resistors to the MAX3735 Laser Driver
Transimpedance Amplifier Buffers Current Transformer
MAX3991: Accurate Loss-of-Signal Detection in 10Gbps Optical Receivers using the MAX3991
RF Power Reduction for CDMA/WCDMA Cellular Phones
Manchester Data Encoding for Radio Communications
Solutions for Integrated Clock Sources Using the MAX9489/MAX9471 Multiple-Output Clock Generators
PIC&#x27;ing the MAX5591: Interfacing a PIC Microcontroller to the MAX5591 Fast-Settling DAC
An Accurate Control Loop Model for Current-Mode Step-Down Controllers
Circuit Board Layout Guidelines for White LED Charge Pumps
Simple PSPICE Model Predicts MAX8546 Stability and Transient Response
Line and Load Transient Testing for Power Supplies
Light Is On When Power Is Out
High-Voltage LED Driver Provides Software-Controlled Intensity
Complete Stand-Alone GPS Receiver Solution with MAX2742
Interfacing a DS1302 With an 8051-Type Microcontroller
Instant Performance Enhancement with Flash Microcontrollers
Testing a Power Supply for Line and Load Transients
HFTA-11.0: Spectral Content of NRZ Test Patterns
Programmable System-Management IC Monitors and Sequences Requirements in Complex, Multivoltage Systems
IR-Link Temperature Sensor Allows Isolation of the Temp Sensor
Extending the MAX6959 LED Display-Driver Keyscan from 8-Keys to 12-Keys
Extending MAX6954 and MAX6955 Keyscan Beyond 32 Keys
Getting Started with the DS2780
Precision Current Source is Software-Programmable
Simple Power-FET Driver is Isolated and DC-Coupled
GPIO Expander Provides Charge Pump for Blue LEDs
SMBus I/O Expander Controls LCD Bias Voltage
High-Efficiency Step-Up Converter Robs Parallel Port
Building a Low-Cost White-Noise Generator
HFAN-09.1.0: Impact of Transmitter RIN on Optical Link Performance
High-Speed Random-Data Generator Facilitates Eye Diagrams
Series Protection for Power-Line Transients
Read Isolated Digital States Without Power Drain
DS31256 PCI Bus Utilization
Using the Free SDCC C Compiler to Develop Firmware for the DS89C430/450 Family of Microcontrollers
Flash Memory Selection
DS2154 &#8211; Migrating from Revision A2 to D1
The Serial-to-JTAG Board for MAXQ Processors
Using the DS1859 with External EEPROM \r\n
Interfacing a DS1388 Real-Time Clock with an 8051-Type Microcontroller
Audio Filtering with the MAXQ2000
Upgrading from Mechanical Potentiometers to Digital Pots
EEPROM Programming Instructions for DS33Z11/DS33Z44
Schematic and Layout Guidelines for High-Speed Data Converters
Audio Fading Circuit Using the MAX5456/MAX5457
System-Management IC Meets Monitoring and Sequencing Requirements in Multivoltage Systems
Combine Multiple Data Files to Optimize INL/DNL Processing
PIC&#x27;ing the MAX5581: Interfacing a PIC Microcontroller with the MAX5581 Fast-Settling DAC
Simple Logic-Level Translation Interfaces 1.8V Microcontrollers and 3V Peripherals
Compact-Footprint, 60A, Two-Phase Power Supply for AMD K8 Motherboards
Monitor Heat Dissipation in Electronic Systems\r\nby Measuring Active Component Die Temperature\r\n
Effect of PC Board Trace Width on Remote-Diode Temperature-Sensor Accuracy
Clock Generation with Spread Spectrum
Assembling High-Lead (Pb) DS2502 Flip-Chips in a Pb-Free Assembly Flow
Interfacing a DS3231 with an 8051-Type Microcontroller
Individual LED Intensity Control with MAX6958/MAX6959 LED Drivers
Interfacing a DS1305 RTC with an \r\n8051-Type Microcontroller
MAX3656: Optimizing the MAX3656 Output Network for Long Laser Leads in GPON/GEPON Application
Estimating Super Capacitor Backup Time on Trickle-Charger Real-Time Clocks
Integrated DC-DC Converters Save Space and Design Time in Distributed-Power Systems
Low-Cost, 30MHz, Triple-Channel HDTV Reconstruction Filter
White Paper 9: Are SHA-1 Devices Still Secure Enough?
Efficient Bit-Banged SPI Port for 8051-Compatible Microcontrollers
Resistor Calculator for the DS3906
Circuit Converts PWM Fan Drive to Linear and Reduces Acoustic Noise
High-Power LED Driver Accepts Wide Input-Voltage Range
Isolated Digital-Signal Coupler Transfers 30ns to DC
Charge Pump Converts -5V to +5V
Pushbuttons Control Regulated Switching Converter
Moving-Coil Meter Measures Low-Level Currents
Environmental Monitoring with the MAXQ3210
A 50 Watt Internal Bus Architecture (IBA) Power Supply
P(1dB) Characterization for the MAX2116 Satellite Tuner
Security System Control with the MAXQ2000
Measuring Return Loss on T3/E3/STS-1 LIUs
Using an LCD with MAXQ Microcontrollers
Conditioning A/V Signals for RF Modulation
Configuring Maxim LIUs Without a Microcontroller
\"Stitch\" Your Way Out of Logic-Analyzer Memory Limitations
MAX12557 Schematic and Layout Suggestions
High-Performance RF Modulator Enables Multi-Carrier Communications Transmitters
High-Efficiency DC-DC Converter Fits LDO Footprint
Getting started with MAX-IDE
Using Data Pointers to Read/Write to SRAM
Monitoring and Sequencing Supply Voltages in High-Reliability Systems
Using the MAXQ2000 with the MAX4397 to Create an Inexpensive Audio/Video Source Selector
In-Application Programming of Sector Erasable Program, and Data Flash in a MAXQ Microcontroller
LVDS Multimedia Interface Has Bright Future in Automotive Systems
S-Parameter Measurements and Stability Analysis for the MAX2640 LNA
FAQ About the Integrated-Crystal Package Option
Feature-Rich, Complete Audio Record/Playback for GSM/GPRS Cell Phones
In-Application Programming (IAP) of the MAXQ7665 Sector-Erasable Program and Data Flash
In-Application Programming (IAP) of the MAXQ7665 Page-Erasable (PE) Program and Data Flash
Converting MAXQ Microcontrollers from Sector-Erasable (SE) to Page-Erasable (PE) Flash Devices
Audio Data Transmission in MAX9217/MAX9218 Video Link
In-Application Programming (IAP) of the MAXQ7665C Page-Erasable (PE) Flash with One-Word-Erase Data Flash
Redundant-Transceiver RS-232 Link Has &plusmn;40V Overvoltage Protection
Replacing Crystals and Ceramic Resonators with Silicon Oscillators
Storing Battery Fuel Gauge Parameters in DS2780
Software I&sup2;C Driver for the MAXQ2000 Microcontroller
Power Amplifier Theory for High-Efficiency Low-Cost ISM-Band Transmitters
Compensation Calculator for the MAX1846/MAX1847 Inverting DC-DC Converters
MAX3420E Information Card
MAXQ Competitive Analysis Study
MAX3740: The MAX3740/MAX3795 Laser Driver Average Power Monitors (PWRMON)
Frequently Asked Questions About the MAX3420E
MAX3420E Programming Guide
Assembling High-Lead (Pb) DS2761 Flip-Chips in a Pb-Free Assembly Flow
Troubleshooting Windows Plug-and-Play and USB for Maxim Evaluation Kits
Buck Converters Proliferate in Handhelds as Features and Processing Power Increase
JJ-20.11-Compatible Interface for the DS2155 and DS21455 SCTs
Power-Supply Management Solution for PCI Express x16 Graphics 150W-ATX Add-In Cards
Using the DS3906 Digital Potentiometer with a Step-Up DC-DC Converter to Provide Fine Control of Output Voltage
Clock-Rate-Adapter (CLAD) Features for DS325X, DS316X, DS317X, and DS318X
DS21458 Quad and DS26528 Octal Transceiver Software Comparison
Integrated DC Logarithmic Amplifiers
AutoShutdown&#8482; for Speaker Amplifier Conserves Cell-Phone Power
Adding Extra Hysteresis to Comparators
Using the DS4303 to Bias LDMOS RF Power Amps
MAXQ Microcontroller Interrupt Programming
DS26334 and DS26324 Transmit Pulse Control
Battery-Charger PWM Input Has Watchdog Protection
Driving White LEDs in Clamshell Phones
Adding a Watchdog to a Dual-Output Power Supply
Modified LDO Regulator Sinks PECL-Termination Current
Techniques for Measuring RF Gain Using the MAX2016\r\n
Wideband LO Noise in Passive Transmit-Receive Mixer ICs
Tuning the MAX2607 EV Kit for High Differential Voltage
Visual Impact of Video Parameters in Video Systems: Part 2&#8212;The Effect of Chrominance-to-Luminance Delay
Implementing an External Reference and the Resulting Effect on Gain for the MAX149x Sigma-Delta Panel-Meter ADCs
Add USB to Anything
2.2MHz Buck or Boost Power Supply for ADSL2+ Chipset
MAX16800 Test Board
Migrating to the MAX6642 from Other Thermal Diode Temperature Sensors
Choosing a Low-Noise Amplifier
How to Use the DS1678 Real-Time Event Recorder
Power Considerations for Accurate Real-Time Clocks
Correct Board Layout Lowers EMI of Switchmode Converters
How to Divide and Conquer the Divider: Practical Resistive Dividers, Made Easy
MAX1464 Signal-Conditioner, Sensor Compensation Algorithm
The MAX1464&#x27;s On-Chip Temperature Sensor
MAXQ Microcontroller Drives a Smart and Intelligent 4-20mA Transmitter
Current Limiting for the MAX1864 Auxiliary Regulator
Buffered Linear-Ramp Generator Operates Rail-to-Rail from a Single Supply
Single Transistor Reduces LDO Noise by 46dB
Ultra-Low-Noise LDO Achieves 6nV/&#8730;Hz Noise Performance
Serializing an HD44780 LCD Display
Simple Circuit Converts +5V to -10V
PCB Layout Techniques to Achieve RF Immunity for Audio Amplifiers
The MAX3420E Interrupt System
Understanding LVDS Fail-Safe Circuits
Bringing Up a MAX3420E System
External Component Calculator for Setting up a Buck or Boost Converter with the MAX5072/MAX5073
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) with the MAXQ2000 Timer Type 2
Using Lookup Tables to Perform Gamma Correction on LEDs
High-Efficiency Current Drive for High-Brightness LEDs
Power-Sensing Circuit Breaker Breaks New Ground
Measuring Return Loss Using the Advantest R3132 Spectrum Analyzer
Data Slicing Techniques for UHF ASK Receivers
Noise Reduction for the MAX1864 Auxiliary Regulator
An Overview of Automatic Level Control
DS2460 in a SHA-1 Secure System
How to Use the DS2482 I&sup2;C 1-Wire&reg; Master
DS2155 and DS26521 Software Comparison
Quantitative Analysis Yields Objective Measurement for Audio Amplifier Click and Pop
Using the MAXQ2000 with the MAX6960 to Create a Stock Quote Display System
USB enumeration code (and more) for the MAX3420E
Why Maxim Chose to Design the Single-Piece NV SRAM Modules
Transition Guide: Replacing the DS2430A with the DS2431
Getting Started with Rowley CrossWorks and the MAXQ2000 Evaluation Kit
Ultra-Low-Cost, Medium Impedance RF Probe Is Rugged and Wideband
Front-end diplex filter for MAX3580
MAX2235&#8212;Layout Optimization Techniques
Designing to Protect MAX2140&#x27;s Internal ESD Diode During Nonstandard Operation *
DS3112 LRCLKx Low Speed Clock Recovery Operation
Folded-Frequency Calculator
ADC Parameters for Your Wideband Telecommunications Receiver
DS26528 and DS26524 Transmit Pulse Control
Options for Embedded User Interfaces
Interfacing the DS1318 with an 8051-type Microcontroller
HFAN-02.6.0: Reducing Noise and Wander in Low-Speed (<622Mbps) Optical Transmitters
MAX3905: MOST Automotive Transmitter Using the MAX3905 and an ULM Photonics VCSEL
Storing Battery Fuel Gauge Parameters in the DS2781
Single SCART Video Driver
Using the MAX6951/MAX6950 LED Display Drivers with SPI Interface to Communicate with the MAXQ2000 Microcontroller
Startup Requirements for the MAX1452/MAX1455 Sensor Signal Conditioners
Audio-DAC Performance Investigation
How to Test the Crystal&#x27;s Power Level in the MAX9485
Analog ICs for Low Voltage Systems
MAX3735A: Special Considerations When Interfacing the MAX3735A to the DS1859
Circuit Removes Relay-Contact Bounce
Low-Cost Quad Op Amp Drives RF Modulator
Simple Power Monitor
A Quick-Start Guide to DS1862 Packet-Error Checking
How to Program a Device Using the File Tab in the DS185XEVKIT
Thermistor Linearizes Current Limit
Single-Wire Serial Bus Carries Isolated Power and Data
High-Power White-LED Driver Operates on 1 or 2 Alkaline Cells
High-IOUT LDO Regulator Has Excellent Transient Response
Bias Supply Powers Low-Power Geiger-Mueller Tube
Timing Considerations When Using NVSRAM
Interleaved Bus Operation
DS1922/DS1923 Battery Gas Gauge
Measuring and Improving Return Loss on the DS317x and DS318x T3/E3/STS-1 LIUs
HFTA-12.0: Measuring Crosstalk Penalty in High-Speed Bidirectional Serial Communication Modules
To AC-Couple or Not to AC-Couple? That Is the Question&#33;
Table Operations for the MAXQ Architecture
Protected EEPROM Operations in MAXQ Environments
Design Considerations for a Low-Cost Sensor and A/D Interface
Considerations for Selecting an RS-485 Transceiver in Electronic Power Meters
Using Software to Shape the Transmit Pulse of the DS325x LIUs
Problems and Solutions for Adjusting to Changes in Daylight Saving Time
Calculating ML Cell Life for an RTC Backup Operation
Frequently Asked Questions about the MAX3421E
MAX3421E Programming Guide
MAX3967A: Improving Speed Performance of Slow LEDs Using the MAX3967A with Added Peaking Elements
HFAN-09.2.0: Thermistor Compensation for Temperature-Induced Slope Efficiency Variations in PON Burst-Mode Laser Drivers
Practical USB Terminology
Exporting DS192x Logger Data from the OneWireViewer into Excel
Trends in Op Amps Reflect an Advancing Electronics Industry
Simple Devices for Meeting Voltage Tracking Requirements
Port Expanders for Flip-Cell Phones Save Cost and Space
Radiated Power and Field Strength from UHF ISM Transmitters
Selecting a Backup Source for Real-Time Clocks
Enabling Fractional-T1 (FT1) Loopback Detection on the DS31256
Skew Margin Measurement for 4-Channel (3 Data Channels Plus Clock Channel) LVDS Serializers/Deserializers
Xilinx&reg; FPGA IFF Copy Protection with 1-Wire&reg; SHA-1 Secure Memories
Initialization and Configuration of the DS26528 Transceiver
Determining the Recovery Time for Multiple-Slave 1-Wire&reg; Networks
MAX2141 XTAL Port Interface Recommendations
Memory Card Interface Translates and Protects Signals
MAX3654: Obtaining Larger Output Signals in GPON ONT Video Overlay Applications Using the MAX3654
HFTA-13.0: Designing External Cabling for Low EMI Radiation
CCFL Push-Pull Snubber Circuit
Controlling the DS3900 Serial Communications Module Using LabView
Improving Accuracy of the MAX1737 Lithium-Ion Battery Charger
Stabilizing Thermoelectric Controller (TEC) Loops Using a Unit-Step Response
Making a Voltage Inverter from a Buck (Step-Down) DC-DC Converter
The MAXQ Microcontroller in Action: Designing a Bicycle Computer with the MAXQ2000
Analysis of a Digitally Controlled Wien-Bridge Oscillator
DVB-H Portable Terrestrial Tuner with the MAX2165
MAX2160 ISDB-T Single-Segment Tuner
SDARS MAX2140 XM Radio Tuner Solution
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on the MAX1464 Digital Sensor Signal Conditioner
Equalizing Techniques Flatten DAC Frequency Response
MAX3815: Interfacing to the MAX3815 DVI/HDMI Cable Equalizer
Precision Circuit Monitors Negative Supply Current
The FET-OR Connection for Power Supplies
Single Resistor Provides Extra Current from a Linear Regulator
Low-Power PWM Output Controls LED Brightness
Shunt Regulator Improves PA&#x27;s Current-Limit Accuracy
Variations Among Current-Sink/Source Circuits with a Single Op Amp
White-LED Driver Includes Overtemperature Protection
Telecomm Supply Powers Temperature Sensor
Simple Characterization Circuit for Rechargeable AA Cells
ALC Improves Sound Quality While Protecting Speakers
Class D Amplifiers Guide | Maxim Integrated
Thermal Considerations for a Class D Amplifier
Minimizing RF Susceptibility in Cell-Phone Headphone Amplifiers
Spread-Spectrum-Modulation Mode Minimizes Electromagnetic Interference in Class D Amplifiers
EMI/EMC Suppression in Audio/Video Interfaces
Practical Considerations for Advanced Current Sensing in High-Reliability Systems
MAX3643: Using the MAX3643 Laser Driver with a Low-Cost Microcontroller
Using the DS2746 to Identify a Battery-Pack Based on an Identification Resistor
Isolating USB
High-Frequency Automotive Power Supplies
DS26522 JTAG Scan Chain Mapping
Integrated Voltage Limiters for Automotive Applications
HFTA-14.0 Design Challenges of GPON FEC Receivers
How to Calibrate a DS1862 Using an External Temperature Sensor
Calculator Simplifies Programming the Burst Dimming Stagger on the DS3994 Cold-Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL) Controller
Frequency Calculator for the DS1086L
Synchronizing Multiple High-Speed Multiplexed DACs for Transmit Applications
Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) Derivation for General RF Devices
Using Internal Calibration and Right Shifting (Scalable Dynamic Ranging) on the DS1863/DS1865 to Enhance ADC Performance
How to Use the MAXQ&reg; Serial Driver to Develop Applications
Creating a Bidirectional Current-Sense Amplifier from Two Unidirectional Current-Sense Amplifiers
MAX2170/MAX2171 DAB/T-DMB Digital Radio Tuner
MAX2470/MAX2471 Couple MIMO Transceiver Reference Clocks
Maximizing the MAX1464&#x27;s ADC Range
Using the LCD Simulator with MAX-IDE and IAR Embedded Workbench Development Environments
DS26303 Short-Haul Line Interface Unit vs. LXT384
DS26303 Short-Haul Line Interface Unit vs. IDT82V2048
Initialization and Configuration of the DS26303 LIU
Using a DS1307 with a PIC Microcontroller
Connecting Multiple DS1859 Devices on the Same I&sup2;C Bus
Thermal Considerations for a UCSP Package
MAX3643: Generating a TX Power Monitor in Burst Mode Applications (Using MAX3643 and the DS1863 or DS1865)
Thermocouple Pre Amp
Recording Power Cycling Information Using the DS1602/DS1603
Algorithm for Converting Binary Seconds into Date/Time
Op-Amp Adds Short-Circuit Protection to High-Side Switch
3474
Adding Battery-Detection Functionality to the DS1312, DS1314, and DS1321 Controller ICs
Troubleshooting Guide for the DS31256 HDLC Controller
Using the IAR compiler for the DS80C400
Low-Cost Controller Includes Integrated Web Access
Staggering the Burst Dimmer on CCFL Displays
P1dB Characterization for the MAX2116 Satellite Tuner
Electricity Metering with Low-Cost Microcontrollers
Single Transistor Cuts LDO Noise by 46dB
Generating a Random Number with the DS2790
Telecom Application Notes Index
DS2151, DS2153 Interfacing to the Brooktree Bt8221 and Bt8222
Initializing High-Speed TINI Systems
3400
3415
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for Automotive Electronics
DS80C400/DS80C410/DS80C411 Network Boot
DS2172, DS21372, and DS2155&#x27;s BERT V.54 Modem Test Patterns
Provision Your DS2152 or DS2154 Hardware Design for the Next Generation Devices
DS3134 Application Note: PCI Bus Utilization
DS3134 Step By Step Configuration-Configuration Mode
DS3134 Step-By-Step Configuration-Bridge Mode
DS3134 CHATEAU Initialization Steps
DS3134 CHATEAU Test Registers
Examples of DS3134 CHATEAU Applications
DS3134 Step By Step Configuration Unchannelized Port&#8212;Configuration Mode
Using the Chateau to Configure an External Device
DS3134 Unchannelized T3/E3/HSSI/VDSL Port\r\nConfiguration for Bridge Mode Applications\r\n
T3/E3 MUX/DS3112/Hardware Connections\r\n
DS3131 Initialization Steps
DS3131 Step by Step Configuration -- Bridge Mode
DS3131 Step by Step Configuration&#8212;Configuration Mode
Expanding TINI&#x27;s IO Capability
MAX9247 and MAX9218 Serializer and Deserializer \r\nPerformance Test
Customization Guide for the MAXQ3120 Electricity Meter Reference Design
Network Enable Your Old Computer Peripherals
Autoshutdown for speaker amplifier conserves cell-phone power
SD Media Format Expands the MAXQ2000&#x27;s Space for Nonvolatile Data Storage
Add Control, Memory, Security, and Mixed-Signal Functions with a Single Contact
Maxim Wireless/RF Power Amplifier Selector Guide
USB Battery Charging Overview
Security in Embedded Systems
What Is an iButton Device?
Upgrading to the DS2762 from the DS2761
Performance Test for a Serializer and Deserializer Pair: MAX9247 and MAX9218
Full Guide to Serial Communication Protocol and Our RS-485
Overview of <u>i</u>Button&reg; Sensors and Temperature/Humidity Data Loggers
Frequency Calculator for the DS1090
Automotive Applications for Silicon Spread-Spectrum Oscillators
Meeting the Challenges of Power-Supply Design for Modern, High-Current CPUs
1-Wire&reg; Extended Network Standard
Performance of Current-Sense Amplifiers with Input Series Resistors
Protect Your R&D Investment with Secure Authentication
FCC and ETSI Requirements for Short-Range UHF ASK-Modulated Transmitters
Small Loop Antennas: Part 1 - Simulations and Applied Theory
Small Loop Antennas: Part 2 - Field Tests

Keywords: non-return-to-zero, NRZ, time-domain signal, NRZ data stream, 8b10b encoding, 64b66b coding, 64b/66b coding, power spectral density, power spectrum, frequency domain, digital communication
Related Parts

APPLICATION NOTE 3455

HFTA-11.0: Spectral Content of NRZ Test Patterns


Abstract: Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signaling is widely used for data transmission in digital communication systems. Many NRZ test patterns have been created for system test and verification. These patterns are usually designed either to simulate actual data or to stress certain aspects of the system. To understand the effects of the various test patterns on a particular system, it is important to understand the frequency characteristics of both the test pattern and the system under test.

This article shows straightforward relationships between the time-domain characteristics of NRZ test patterns, such as data rate and pattern length, and their frequency-domain spectral components. Topics include an overview of NRZ test patterns, computation of the power spectrum, lab measurements of the power spectrum, and application of these concepts to system understanding.

A similar version of this article appeared in the September 2, 2004 issue of EDN magazine.

Next Steps
EE-Mail Subscribe to EE-Mail and receive automatic notice of new documents in your areas of interest.
Download Download, PDF Format
© , Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
The content on this webpage is protected by copyright laws of the United States and of foreign countries. For requests to copy this content, contact us.
APP 3455:
APPLICATION NOTE 3455,AN3455, AN 3455, APP3455, Appnote3455, Appnote 3455